Chinese

Scalar – 标量 A variable quantity that cannot be resolved into components.

Vector – 矢量 A variable quantity that can be resolved into components & A straight line segment whose length is magnitude and whose orientation in space is direction. We have also seen 向量 for this with 行向量 for row vector and 列向量 for column vector.

Matrix – 矩阵 A rectangular array of quantities or expressions set out by rows and columns; treated as a single element and manipulated according to rules.

A web page was found dealing with all three concepts in Chinese. It was possible to identify some words using the illustrations.

In Physics, we need to distinguish between total travel distance 距离 and displacement 位移.

For Vectors, we are confident that 量值 is vector length and we consider that 方向 means something like vector direction.

For vectors in polar coordinates, 矢量 might be ‘r’ and 向 might be the angle, theta.

Algebra – 代数

交换律： a*b=b*a

结合律： (ma)*b = m(a*b) = a*(mb)

分配律: a*(b+c) = a*b + a*c

For Calculus, we found the Definition of the Derivative:

Some words were found using Yellowbridge. The English descriptions are included so you can see that for each word, the authors of the dictionary/thesaurus were focused on the specific meaning of the word.

Basics

Noun – 名